We report two infertile brothers presenting with azoospermia and oligozoospermia. Cytogenetic studies using G-banding and FISH analysis on lymphocyte cultures revealed an autosomal balanced reciprocal translocation t(1;22)(q11;p11) in both males. The same translocation was found in their mother, but not in a third fertile brother and maternal uncle suggesting that this translocation might compromise the male but not the female gametogenesis in this family.