Concomitant type I thyroplasty and thoracic operations for lung cancer: preventing respiratory complications associated with vagus or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001 Apr;121(4):642-8. doi: 10.1067/mtc.2001.112533.

Abstract

Objectives: We sought to prevent postoperative swallowing disorder, aspiration, and sputum retention in cases of recurrent laryngeal or vagus nerve section occurring during lung cancer resection.

Methods: In 14 of 25 consecutive patients, type I thyroplasty and thoracic operations were performed during the same period of anesthesia. All patients had a preoperative laryngeal computed tomographic scan providing us with indispensable measurements for vocal fold medialization under general anesthesia (ie, without intraoperative phonatory control). Nine remaining patients had a type I thyroplasty delayed from thoracic operations because of intraoperative doubt about laryngeal innervation injury, and 2 did not need a laryngeal operation. Main postoperative records consisted of swallowing ability, respiratory complications, and quality of voice.

Results: No swallowing disorder, aspiration, or sputum retention occurred in cases of concomitant laryngeal and thoracic operations. Of these 14 patients, a single case (7%) of major complication (vocal fold overmedialization) occurred and required an early and successful revision thyroplasty; one case of cervical hematoma that did not require surgical drainage was considered a minor complication (7%). Twelve (86%) patients who underwent the concomitant association of both operations were fully satisfied with their quality of voice.

Conclusions: Type I thyroplasty and thoracic operation can be advantageously associated in case of injury to laryngeal motor innervation to prevent postoperative swallowing disability and dramatic respiratory complications.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / surgery
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / surgery
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Larynx / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries*
  • Respiration Disorders / epidemiology
  • Respiration Disorders / etiology*
  • Respiration Disorders / prevention & control
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Thoracic Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Thoracic Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Thyroid Gland / surgery*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Vagus Nerve Injuries*
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / complications*
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / epidemiology
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / etiology
  • Vocal Cord Paralysis / prevention & control