Role of urokinase receptor and caveolin in regulation of integrin signaling

Thromb Haemost. 1999 Aug;82(2):291-7.

Abstract

Emerging evidence indicates a prominent role for non-integrin membrane adaptors in the dynamic regulation of integrin signaling. Two such integrin-associated proteins are the glycosylphosphatidyl-inositol (GPI)-linked urokinase receptor (u-PAR) and the cholesterol-binding protein, caveolin-1. Recent studies indicate that caveolin is required for the association of Src-family kinases with beta 1 integrins. Loss of caveolin/beta 1 integrin association results in loss of ligand-induced focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation and impaired development of focal adhesion sites. Similarly, fibronectin-dependent fyn signaling through alpha 5/beta 1 leading to mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activation requires the presence of caveolin-1. Caveolin binds Src-family kinases and such binding maintains these kinases in an inactive state. Current evidence favors a model in which ligand-induced integrin clustering, a central event in integrin activation, promotes caveolin oligomerization leading to release and/or activation of Src-family kinases and initiation of integrin signaling. The presence of u-PAR promotes these events because the extracellular domain(s) of u-PAR binds to beta 1 and beta 2 integrins and the GPI anchor of u-PAR, like that of other GPI-anchored proteins, interacts with cholesterol-rich membrane domains enriched in caveolin and tyrosine kinases. Integrins, caveolin, and u-PAR form interdependent functional complexes, promoting the association of integrins with caveolin-rich signaling domains. During states of accelerated cellular migration, such as during inflammation and tumorigenesis, expression of u-PAR may be a key facilitator of integrin signaling. Interruption of u-PAR/integrin interactions may be a strategy to regulate cellular migration in these settings.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Caveolin 1
  • Caveolins*
  • Cell Adhesion
  • Cell Movement
  • Humans
  • Integrin beta1 / metabolism
  • Integrins / metabolism*
  • Ligands
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator
  • Signal Transduction*

Substances

  • CAV1 protein, human
  • Caveolin 1
  • Caveolins
  • Integrin beta1
  • Integrins
  • Ligands
  • Membrane Proteins
  • PLAUR protein, human
  • Receptors, Cell Surface
  • Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator