[Recurrence of herpes simplex encephalitis]

Abstract

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) rarely occurs in children, is not easily diagnosed, and has a poor prognosis.

Case report: We report a pediatric case with a relapse on the 29th day despite conventional acyclovir therapy. As the relapse mechanism is not clearly understood, antiviral and immunosuppressive therapy was administered.

Conclusion: This case underlines the importance of clinical examination and the necessity of accurate testing prior stopping antiviral treatment. A better understanding of the relapse mechanism is required in order to propose more efficient treatment.